Day 3: Basic Linux Commands
Working with files is an essential part of using a computer, especially if you're in the field of DevOps. In this tutorial, I will go through some of the most common file operations, including viewing file contents, changing access permissions, removing directories, comparing files, and more. I'll be using Ubuntu Linux for all of these commands.
To View What's Written in a File:
The cat
command is used to display the contents of a file on the terminal. For example, to view the contents of a file named fruits.txt
, run the following command:
COPY
cat fruits.txt
To Change the Access Permissions of Files:
The chmod
command is used to change the access permissions of files. For example, to give the owner of a file read, write, and execute permissions and everyone else only read and execute permissions, run the following command:
COPY
chmod 755 filename
To Check Which Commands You Have Run Till Now:
The history
command is used to show a list of all the commands you have run in the current terminal session. For example:
COPY
history
To Remove a Directory/Folder:
The rmdir
command is used to remove an empty directory or folder. For example, to remove a directory named abhi
, run the following command:
COPY
rmdir abhi
To Create a Fruits.txt File and to View the Content:
The touch
command is used to create a new file. For example, to create a file named fruits.txt
, run the following command
COPY
touch fruits.txt
You can use the cat
command to view the contents of the newly created file:
COPY
cat fruits.txt
To Add Content in devops.txt (One in Each Line):
The echo
command is used to add content to a file. For example, to add the words "Apple", "Mango", "Banana", "Cherry", "Kiwi", "Orange", and "Guava" to the file named devops.txt
, one on each line, run the following commands:
COPY
echo "Apple" >> devops.txt
echo "Mango" >> devops.txt
echo "Banana" >> devops.txt
echo "Cherry" >> devops.txt
echo "Kiwi" >> devops.txt
echo "Orange" >> devops.txt
echo "Guava" >> devops.txt
To Show Only Top Three Fruits from the File:
The head
command is used to display the first few lines of a file. For example, to show only the top three fruits from the devops.txt
file, run the following command:
COPY
head -n 3 devops.txt
To Show Only the Bottom Three Fruits from the File:
The tail
command is used to display the last few lines of a file. For example, to show only the bottom three fruits from the devops.txt
file, run the following command:
COPY
tail -n 3 devops.txt
To Create Another File Colors.txt and to View the Content:
You can create another file named Colors.txt
using the touch
command:
COPY
touch Colors.txt
To view the contents of the newly created file, use the cat
command:
COPY
cat Colors.txt
To Add Content in Colors.txt (One in Each Line)
Use the echo
command to add the words "Red", "Pink", "White", "Black"
Thanks for reading :)
Shubham Jangale